The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.